How to Write the MIT Application Essays 2018-2019

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, colloquially known at MIT, is often perceived as one of the world’s most prestigious research universities with top programs in STEM. Ranked at #5 by the U.S. News and World Report undergraduate university rankings, applicants to MIT are undoubtedly drawn to the institution’s top-tier education programs. Located just outside of Boston in Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT affords students the opportunity to explore their intellectual and extracurricular passions in a thriving urban setting. Beyond STEM, MIT also offers students an equally prestigious business and entrepreneurship program, making its urban environment all the more conducive for both business and engineering opportunities. With only 1,464 students gaining admission out of an applicant pool of nearly 22,000, MIT’s admission rate for the class of 2022 comes in at 6.7%, putting MIT at the same level as many Ivy League schools. Keep in mind that MIT does not use the Common Application, and instead uses its own system called MyMIT . To those seeking admission, MIT requires students to complete 5 additional essays, all of which understandably appear intimidating to approach. However, is here to help and offer our guide on how tackle MIT’s 2018-2019 application! One of the first things to note is the brevity of the response; with only 100 words, there’s no room to be too detailed. Even so, 100 words should be just enough for a few vivid sentences that really show the admissions officer what you do in your spare time. There’s no need to try to squeeze in an introductory or concluding sentence. For this prompt, it’s better to get straight to the point. Next, remember that the prompt is asking for an activity that isn’t required of you . If you’re the captain of your school’s varsity basketball team, then don’t write about basketball (even if you do play for pleasure outside of school). MIT wants to know something about you that they can’t already find elsewhere in your application, something outside of your academic and extracurricular responsibilities. Essentially, MIT is asking you: â€Å"What do you do in your free time?† A great way to approach this prompt is to construct a brief anecdote to illustrate your passions. Do you love reading because you enjoy imagining yourself in fictional worlds? Do you find peace in painting natural scenery? Now is a great time to describe these experiences. What makes each of these examples strong is the employment of imagery and sensory details. Although the response must be brief, you want to make the admissions officer interested in what you love; appealing to the five senses is an excellent way to do so. Don’t tell them that you love photography, show them that you love it by transforming your answer into a story. Be honest — don’t lie for the sake of sounding more impressive. While volunteering at the local homeless shelter may sound very humble, don’t write about that if it isn’t what you actually do in your free time. MIT can spot essays that try too hard and lying about humanitarian efforts is definitely one of those instances. While it’s important to be honest, make sure to also use good judgement when articulating your response. Generally, anything goes for this prompt and you can essentially write about anything you’re passionate about. But if your favorite activity is â€Å"looking at memes,† it might be better to choose something else (especially after the Harvard incident). Although not explicitly stated, MIT is using this prompt to combine two commonly asked questions: â€Å"Why X Major?† and â€Å"Why MIT?† As with the previous essay, there’s no room to provide too detailed of an explanation, but you must still briefly justify your response. The key word here is â€Å"why.† If you’re interested in chemistry but are also looking into a career in pharmaceutical manufacturing, you might write about your interests in MIT’s chemical engineering program. Or if you’re interested in economics, you can praise MIT’s Sloan School of Management, analyzing the ways in which the school will help you hone in and develop your leadership skills. If you want to conduct research in a STEM field, mentioning the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) and citing some specific projects can be a great way to highlight your interests. For those looking to study EECS, you can discuss the appeal of MIT’s new curriculum, which offers more flexibility and independence for undergraduate students. Perhaps when compared to other campuses, you find that MIT offers a stronger entrepreneurial culture, a quality that you find necessary for your academic success. If you have hopes of one day launching your own startup or designing your own program, now would be a great time to mention the program’s emphasis on entrepreneurship. Writing about your long-term goals and connecting them back to MIT’s academic culture (demonstrated through EECS example) is a very strong way to approach this prompt, as it answers both â€Å"Why X Major?† and â€Å"Why MIT?† Avoid vague answers such as â€Å"MIT is known for its excellent STEM programs† or â€Å"the Sloan School of Management is among the best in the nation† — these types of answers do not answer the prompt nor do they highlight your interest in the school. No matter what major you intend on studying, remember to show admission officers how you plan to take advantage of MIT’s academic programs. Is there a specific professor you want to conduct research under? Is there a specific course you’re really excited to take? If so, mention it! There’s no need to write a creative response to this prompt; the best approach is to be straightforward and specific. As opposed to the previous two prompts, essay #3 gives you a little more room with 200-250 words; this should be just enough for an introductory sentence, one or two short body paragraphs, and a few concluding sentences. For this prompt, MIT wants to see your selfless side by looking at the strategies you take to help those around you. Don’t panic if you haven’t saved hundreds of lives or discovered the cure for cancer; as the prompt suggests, helping your community can be as simple as lending a shoulder for your friend to cry on. Whether big or small, think of a time that you made a positive impact on one or more people. Maybe you have experience volunteering at the Red Cross or at your local retirement home. Or maybe you founded a club at your school with the goal of bringing education to children in need. No matter what the cause is, show the admissions officers your generosity and willingness to make a difference in your community. What each of these examples succeeds in doing is describing the impact that an action has on others. Whether it be putting a smile on someone’s face or preventing a child from contracting a deadly disease, remember to show the reader what the outcome of your efforts were. Tying in your personal development is another great way to heighten the magnitude of your contribution, as it gives your actions more significant personal meaning (humanitarianism example). Ask yourself: How did you grow from this experience? What changes did you see? Submit your essay and we’ll get back to you with helpful edits. Out of the 5 questions, this one is the most open-ended. MIT is asking this question to see how you have adapted to your environment and how this environment has shaped you as an individual. A great way to start brainstorming for this prompt is to think about your dreams and aspirations first; what do you hope to achieve in your lifetime?    Next, reflect on your surroundings (your upbringing, your neighborhood, your school, etc.) and evaluate how this environment factored into your individuality. Perhaps you were a member of your school’s Model United Nations, and this fueled your desire to work in politics. Or maybe your childhood love for building Lego masterpieces contributed to your goal of becoming a civil engineer. Either way, remember to reflect on your past (or present) and use this reflection to analyze your future. What each of these examples succeeds in doing is analyzing the â€Å"world† that led to a specific realization. The key here is to demonstrate some sort of personal growth or moment in which you discovered your aspirations. For the first example, this could be the juxtaposition between traditional blue skies and the thick smog in Beijing; this was an eye-opening moment and made you look at the world from a different perspective, eventually influencing your career choice. For this prompt, it’s important to be specific. While it seems like this prompt is giving you two options to respond, the idea is relatively the same: discuss a challenge. Whether it is a personal struggle or a challenge you faced at school, MIT wants to know how you handle difficult situations and what you learn from such experiences. You want to construct an anecdote that goes through both the challenging situation and your thought process. When crafting your response, start by briefly describing the challenge, making sure to answer the question, â€Å"What was so significant about the challenge?† Next, go into detail about the steps you took to tackle the obstacle and how you went about this process. Make sure to discuss the outcome of the situation and show the admissions officer how you matured from this experience. As you brainstorm and begin drafting your response, here are some guided questions to get you thinking: Try to avoid â€Å"challenges† that are too trivial; although you may be upset that you got a B on that one calculus test, this is not a significant enough challenge to analyze. For this prompt, it’s important to demonstrate personal growth and maturity, as this shows your capacity to adapt to difficult environments. Overall, there are no secrets or gimmicks to any of these essays. MIT is simply trying to get to know you better, whether it’s by asking you about your interests or your personal experiences. For each of these essays, remember to ask yourself: What do I want MIT to know about me? Don’t try to write something you think the admissions officer wants to hear; be yourself and be honest. Remember to show and don’t tell , and highlight the reasons you think you would be a great fit for MIT. Want help on your MIT application or essays? Learn about our College Apps Program and Essay Editing Program . Want us to quickly edit your college essay? Submit it to our Rapid Review Program , and we’ll get it back to you quickly with comments from our expert team. The Ultimate Guide to Applying to USC Monikah Schuschu September 16, 2016 17 365,000 alumni can’t be wrong: the University of Southern California is an exceptional place to get your education. Among those alumni are luminaries as varied as actor John Wayne, astronaut Neil Armstrong, and former Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Comprised of nearly twenty different schools, upwards of 40,000 total students, and a rich variety of traditions, USC’s resources and global network present extraordinary opportunities for its students. At USC, high-level technological studies and a renown business school exist side-by-side with a venerable program in cinema studies and strong programs in other performing arts. You can even combine the two — where else could a budding innovator get a bachelor’s degree from a school founded in part by hip hop legend and entrepreneur Dr. Dre? (That would be USC’s Iovine and Young Academy , which focuses on â€Å"nurturing and developing original thought, leading to breakthrough products, systems, technologies and more.†) The sunny setting in Southern California and the amenities of the city of Los Angeles certainly don’t hurt. Are you interested in attending USC? Read on for more information about the different undergraduate programs available, what makes it special, and how to navigate the admissions process. Located in the University Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California , only two miles away from downtown LA, the University of Southern California was founded in 1880 on land donated by a number of the city’s notables. USC was originally affiliated with the Methodist Church, but it has been nonsectarian since 1952. From its very beginning , USC has championed fair access to education, refusing to deny applicants admission based on race or gender. In fact, the valedictorian of its very first graduating class (comprised of only three students) was a woman, at a time when admission to many or most prestigious universities was restricted to men. Today’s USC is a large, private research university with a much-expanded total enrollment of over 42,000 students, almost 19,000 of whom are undergraduates. It has also expanded in land area, including its Health Sciences Campus in Los Angeles as well as a number of other facilities, satellite campuses, offices, and a scientific research station on Catalina Island. According to the U.S. News and World Report rankings , USC comes in at #23 in the National Universities category. Its business programs are especially well-regarded. The university is also famous for having the oldest and largest film school in the country. The thousands of undergraduate students at USC are spread out among majors in a grand total of 16 different schools and programs , listed below: Across these 16 schools, students can choose among 174 majors at last count . An exhaustive list of these majors , with links to additional information about each, is available. Since specifying your intended major is part of applying to USC, you’ll have to devote some time to researching the options before you apply. However, we can tell you that the most popular majors at USC are within the fields of business, social sciences, visual and performing arts, and engineering. Life on the USC campus is vibrant and packed with different opportunities. Athletics are an important part of the campus culture, with a number of varsity teams (known as the Trojans) having been extremely successful in recent years. USC’s honor is fiercely defended against such traditional rivals as nearby UCLA and the further-off Notre Dame . Even if you’re not a sports fan, with such a large and diverse student body from which to draw, USC’s student activities and organizations have something for everyone. Over 800 different student groups and organizations are officially recognized by the university. These include an engaged student government, an active fraternity and sorority scene with over 60 individual chapters, performing arts groups, cultural organizations, and volunteer opportunities. Outside of the campus,   students also have access to everything Los Angeles has to offer. The admissions process at USC is quite competitive; during the 2015-2016 application season, the university received a whopping total of over 54,000 applications for its undergraduate programs. 8,920 applicants were accepted, making the acceptance rate 16.2%. USC has not yet released enrollment numbers for the fall of 2016, but in most recent years, the number of students in the matriculating class has hovered around 3,000. All applicants to USC apply through the same basic application process, but depending on your intended major, which you will be required to specify on your application, you may be asked to complete additional materials i ncluding portfolios, videos, essays, auditions, or course prerequisites. When you’re getting ready to apply, it’s important that you thoroughly research the requirements for your particular intended major so that you can make an informed decision. In addition to first-year applicants, USC accepts applications from students at other colleges who wish to transfer to USC. In recent years, the university has received about 8,000 transfer applications per year, and has accepted approximately 25% of these applicants. When USC evaluates your application, it takes into account both your academic and other achievements, and your potential to be a good fit for the USC environment. Successful applicants are generally quite strong academically and have taken challenging courses in high school. Leadership and community involvement are important factors, as is â€Å"intellectual curiosity.† As a university with strong programs in the arts, USC also appreciates students who will bring creative talents to the campus, whether as arts majors or in addition to their other studies. The estimated cost of attendance at USC for the 2016-2017 school year is $69,711, $51,442 of which accounts for tuition. This estimate is meant to cover the entire cost of a student’s attendance for a year, including room and board as well as books, transportation, and personal expenses, but it may vary from student to student, especially for the many students who choose to live off-campus after their first year. Also, some majors and programs require additional fees. About two-thirds of USC’s undergraduate students receive some kind of financial assistance , need-based or merit-based, to cover the cost of their education. Need-based financial aid options include grants, loans, and work-study. Merit-based scholarships include a number of different scholarship programs , and about 22% of students at USC receive some kind of merit-based scholarship. Athletic scholarships are also offered to some incoming students, and may be awarded either as a specific dollar amount or as a percentage of the cost of attendance. Admissions to USC is need-blind for students from the United States, meaning that neither a student’s indication that they will apply for financial aid, nor the amount of aid they require, will affect that student’s admissions decision. For international applicants , admission to USC is need-aware , and international applicants will need to submit documentation certifying that they have the funds to pay for college. Need-based financial aid is not available for international students. However, international applicants are still considered for certain merit-based scholarships, and may have other options to privately finance their educations. Applicants who are undocumented students living in the state of California have some additional funding options. Under the California Dream Act, these students may be eligible for certain California state grants if they have attended a California high school and will be attending a California college. Students who receive these grants may also gain access to additional funding from USC, though the amount of funding available is limited. Domestic students can apply for need-based financial aid by submitting the FAFSA and the CSS Profile , both of which are due by February 14th. Residents of California should also apply for the Cal Grant state financial aid program by March 2nd. After the initial application is submitted, financial aid applicants will need to provide their family’s income tax documents to USC as soon as possible. Additional documents may be requested by the Financial Aid Office under certain circumstances, and these documents should be submitted to the office within 10 days of when the request is made.   Ã‚   Transfer applicants to USC who are from the United States will have to submit the same forms to apply for need-based financial aid, but their FAFSA and CSS Profile forms will be due on March 2nd along with the Cal Grant application. A number of merit-based scholarships are also available to USC students, whether or not they receive need-based aid. (Need-based aid may be reduced if a student receives a merit scholarship as well.) These scholarships range from awards of $1,000 to full-tuition coverage. Some scholarships are open to transfer applicants as well as first-year applicants. Students are automatically considered for some merit scholarships based upon the information they submit in their applications, but other scholarship programs require students to specifically apply to the program itself. A detailed list of USC’s academic scholarship options and requirements for the 2017-2018 school year is available, along with information about how to apply for each scholarship. In some ways, the process of applying to USC as a first-year undergraduate is simpler than at many other schools. All applicants use the same application form — the Common Application — and all apply on the same timeline, since USC has no Early Decision or Early Action option. Most first-year undergraduate applicants to USC will need to submit their admissions applications by January 15th at the latest, and most applicants will receive their admissions decisions by early April.    However, since USC is comprised of a rather large number of distinct schools and programs, application deadlines and requirements for different majors vary. You’ll need to submit your application by December 1st if you’re applying to USC’s undergraduate programs in Dramatic Arts, Cinematic Arts, or Music; the Kaufman School of Dance; the Iovine and Young Academy for Arts, Technology, and the Business of Innovation; or the World Bachelor of Business program at the Marshall School of Business. Each undergraduate department may have additional admissions requirements with additional deadlines; USC’s list of additional major requirements is available for viewing. In addition to these program deadlines, if you would like to be considered for merit scholarships , you’ll need to submit your admissions application by the December 1st deadline. Applicants selected to interview for or receive merit scholarships will be contacted by USC in February. If you apply by December 1st and aren’t selected for a merit scholarship, your application will still be considered for admission, and you’ll hear back about your decision in early April. Students who have already completed some college courses can apply to transfer to USC. Just as with first-year students, applicants will submit the Common Application and supporting materials, which may vary depending on which undergraduate program they’d like to join. The application deadline for most transfer students is February 1st, or December 1 for transfer applicants to the School of Dramatic Arts, the Kaufman School of Dance, the Thornton School of Music, and the Iovine and Young Academy, as well as some programs within the School of Cinematic Arts.    Again, some departments have different or additional admissions requirements and forms to fill out, and prospective transfer students can check out the requirements for their program . You’ll be contacted by USC, either with an admissions decision or with a request for spring-semester grades, by June 1st. Now that we’ve introduced you to the USC application procedure, we’ll go over the school-specific questions that USC will expect you to answer on the Common App. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. As you probably already know, the Common Application is an online application system that allows you to enter all your basic information only once and send that information to multiple schools. For some help navigating the Common App, you can refer to the User’s Guide to the Common App , as well as our targeted posts regarding how to fill out the sections on your demographics , citizenship , academics , activities , awards , and more. In addition to the standard Common App questions, you’ll need to answer a number of questions that are specific to USC, and possibly even some that are specific to your intended major . To access these questions, you’ll first need to add USC to your My Colleges list within your Common App account. Once you’ve done so, navigate to your My Colleges page and click on USC. You’ll see the following page, illustrated by a screenshot from our sample student’s profile: On the left, under the USC tab and the heading that says Application, click on the word Questions. You’ll see the following screen: As you can see, there are four separate sections of questions for you to answer, labeled General, Academics, Family, and Other Information. Click on the section headers to access the questions in each section, or click Continue to move on to the next section. For the General section, you’ll answer the following questions: For the Academics section, you’ll answer the following question: For the Family section, you’ll answer the following questions: Finally, for the Other Information section, you’ll respond to the following prompts: Once you’ve finished filling out these questions, you’ll move on to the second part of USC’s supplement to the Common App. This part is often referred to as the â€Å"Writing Supplement,† but it’s more complicated than that — in addition to USC-specific essays, you’ll need to answer a number of short-answer questions and also provide additional information about your academic background. To get to USC’s Writing Supplement, look in the left-hand column under USC’s name. You’ll see a heading that says Writing Supplement, and underneath that heading, the word Questions. Clicking on Questions will bring up the following screen: As with the questions you’ve already answered, the questions in the Writing Supplement will be grouped into a number of sections. First, you’ll address the prompts under the Writing Questions section. Take a look at our blog post How to Write the USC Essays 2016-2017 for a detailed breakdown of these essay prompts and short-answer questions, along with some guidance on how to go about answering them. As you may have noticed from the screenshot above, our sample applicant has been given an additional essay prompt: â€Å"Explain your educational and career interests and why Annenberg is the best match for you.† You may or may not see this prompt when you apply, because this prompt is another example of the responsiveness of the USC application. The sample applicant is receiving this particular essay prompt because they indicated that their first-choice major was within USC’s Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism. You may be presented with a different essay prompt, depending on your intended major, or you may not find an essay prompt here at all. For more information about the individual requirements you’ll encounter for each major, check out USC’s list of additional major requirements . Next, you’ll move on to the Academic History section, as shown below: Below this question, you’ll see this list of sections: In each of these sections, you’ll self-report information about each academic class you’ve taken from grade 9 to grade 11. For instance, the 9th Grade English, Literature, or Composition Courses section will ask you the following questions: Follow the directions and enter your high school course information here. (If your school doesn’t have a Semester 3, don’t worry about it — you don’t need to fill in every single field.) Make sure to give yourself adequate time to fill out this section. You’ll probably also want to have a copy of your transcript in front of you to make the data entry easier. Along with the Common App with USC-specific questions and essays, all applicants to USC must submit the following: In addition to these general application components, many of the individual undergraduate programs and majors at USC have additional requirements. These range from portfolios and auditions for programs in the arts, to video submissions and additional essays, to prerequisite courses you must have already taken in high school. For some majors and programs, your additional required essays will automatically be provided to you on the Common App once you specify your intended major, as we discussed above. If you complete a requirement using the Common App, you don’t need to additionally submit it in any other way. You can visit the USC admissions website to go over the additional requirements and due dates for each undergraduate program and major. Admissions interviews are not a requirement to apply to USC, and in an average year, less than 20% of USC applicants elect to schedule an interview. The university states that data from past years shows no real difference in acceptance rates between applicants who interview and applicants who don’t. However, USC does encourage applicants to take advantage of on- or off-campus interview opportunities if they can. Applicants who are able to visit the USC campus may be able to schedule on-campus interviews. Program-specific interviews are not available for every undergraduate program at USC, but all visiting applicants can interview with USC’s general Office of Undergraduate Admissions, or choose between the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, the Marshall School of Business, the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, and the Viterbi School of Engineering. If you’re planning on visiting campus this fall and would like to take advantage of an on-campus interview, you can check out your options on the USC website . Keep in mind that you’re only permitted to have one admission interview, so you’ll need to think carefully about which program you’d like to interview with. You don’t need to have already submitted your application in order to schedule an interview. USC also conducts off-campus interview sessions in a number of major cities across the United States during the fall application season. If you’re able to make it to one of these cities, you can schedule an interview with an admissions officer, just as you would on campus. Take a look at this website to start the process of setting up an off-campus interview . Again, the number of undergraduate programs that offer program-specific interviews is limited, and availability will vary from city to city, but if you’re not able to interview with your specific program, you can always interview with the general Office of Undergraduate Admissions. Since even off-campus USC interviews are only available within the United States, international applicants who are not able to visit USC have an additional option. These applicants are invited to submit interviews through Vericant, a third-party evaluator with whom USC contracts. (You can use a different third-party interview service if you prefer.) If you’re interested, you can learn more about this process . You should bear in mind that this process will involve additional costs not covered by your USC application fee. Since USC does not have an Early Action or Early Decision application program, most first-year USC applicants will hear back about their admissions decisions at the same time, in early April. (As we mentioned, some students may be contacted earlier if they’re selected for certain merit scholarship programs.) If you’re accepted to USC at this time, you have to make up your mind as to whether to attend by May 1st. If you decide to enroll in the fall, you must notify USC through their online system and submit your non-refundable $300 enrollment deposit by this date. You’ll also need to take care of applying for housing and signing up for an orientation program, about which you can get more information . You may be rejected by USC, in which case you’ll need to move on to other college plans , but may be able to reapply as a transfer student in the future. However, there’s a third option at USC, and unlike at many other schools, it’s not a waitlist . A certain number of USC applicants will be neither rejected nor accepted for the fall term. Instead, they’ll be accepted, but on a delay — they’ll have to wait until the spring semester to attend. If you’re applying to USC during the 2016-2017 application season and receive admission for the spring semester, that would mean that you’d enter the university in the spring of 2018. If you have more questions about how spring admissions work, you can learn more . One thing to keep in mind is that if you accept admission for the spring semester, there is a chance that a slot will open up in the fall class and you’d be able to enter in the fall as you originally intended. Few students are able to make this move each year, but you’ll only be considered for these fall slots if you have already indicated that you’ll attend in the spring. Should you agree to start attending USC in the spring if you’re offered spring admission ? It depends. If you’re certain that USC is your top choice, enough so that you’re willing to wait a while longer, spring admission may be worth it for you. You’ll still get to attend USC and have access to all the same opportunities as students who are admitted in the fall. Some students end up finding their â€Å"time off† before starting at USC very enjoyable and enriching, similar to a gap year . They may use that time to take community college courses, travel, work, or explore other interests. However, accepting spring admission to USC does mean reassessing your post-high-school plans somewhat. Spring admits may or may not graduate â€Å"on time† with the rest of the class of 2021, though taking transferable courses somewhere else prior to coming to USC can help. Some students are concerned about social and extracurricular opportunities, and others simply don’t want to wait to start their college careers. In the end, the choice is up to you as to whether the spring admissions program is a good fit for your needs. Are you excited at the prospect of becoming a USC Trojan? You can learn more about USC’s 16 undergraduate schools and programs on the USC admissions page . Remember, your prospective program choice is considered as part of your application , so you’ll need to make sure you know what your options are. Whether you’re applying to USC or elsewhere, getting through the college application process is a lot of work, and there’s no shame in seeking help to navigate this stressful (but potentially rewarding) time. Let ’s admissions experts help ensure that your applications showcase your achievements and make you as competitive of a candidate as possible. Fill out the form below for a free initial consultation!

Fallacies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fallacies - Assignment Example The language fallacy creates an impression on the readers of the article that the same issue occurs in the other communities located within the United States. People should not be misled by this fallacy. Language fallacy includes the use of language to create a false impression on the people (Engel, 1994). Further, to ensure the veracity of the statement, a research should be conducted. Evidence Fallacy. The article offers an assertion that is not supported by evidence. The violation creates an impression or statement that is not verified by evidence (Austin, 2008). Identifying the evidence fallacy, the statement â€Å"they will reduce public assistance rolls substantially and give our nation’s welfare reform effort a fighting chance to succeed.† indicates a false impression that reducing public assistance rolls substantially will automatically result to giving our nation’s welfare reform effort a fighting chance to succeed. There are strong probabilities that re ducing public assistance rolls substantially will not give our nation’s welfare reform a fighting chance to succeed. The news reporter should have verified his or her data, prior to the presentation to the public. The reporter will be surprised that thee is a possibility that the government continues to implement other programs that will alleviate the nation’s drug and alcohol abuse. Reasoning Fallacy. The author shows a reasoning fallacy. A reasoning fallacy crops up when the conclusions of the author are based on faulty gathering of supporting evidences. The author of the paper commits the unforgivable fallacy because of unskillful analysis of the facts (Sprague, 2008). Identifying the reasoning fallacy, the statement â€Å"State and local officials need not be tagged as tax-and-spend liberals if they devote more resources to addressing these problems among welfare recipients.† shows a generalization aspect of reasoning fallacy. The statement gives a false imp ression that all state and local officials are automatically tagged as tax-and-spend liberals if they devote more resources to addressing these problems among welfare recipients, giving an impression that the liberals are spendthrifts. Definitely, not all of the state and local officials should be tagged as tax-and-spend liberals because some state and local officials base their devoting more resources to the addressing these problems among welfare recipients on legal, evidential, and other legitimate grounds that exempt them from being tagged as tax-and-spend liberals. The author should have reported the facts, not to prematurely jump into conclusions. Using government funds to help the drug dependents and alcohol dependents should not be construed as unfavorable tax money allocation. Presence of fallacies. The fallacies diminish the quality of the author’s arguments. The readers can use common sense to detect if the author’s arguments are valid. By reading the articl e, the average reader will always say the statements, findings, or conclusions do not apply to all situations. There will always be exceptions to the author’s proposals. The author should add more data and researches to back up his proposed concepts. The purpose of the author’s fallacies is to increase acceptance of the author’

Negotiation and Conflict Week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negotiation and Conflict Week 3 - Essay Example In this discussion, the different models such as Trust model and I/R/P model will be taken into concern as a form of effective strategies for addressing the conflicts which have been described in the first week’s assignment. Trust model The different features of Trust model can be viewed as valuable strategy for addressing any sort of conflict situations in an organization. The model explains two types of trust such as interpersonal trust and procedural trust (Furlong, 2005). Interpersonal Trust Interpersonal trust is a perception which states that an individual will not perform any such act that might harm the interest of other individual. The perception mainly depends upon people’s judgment about a person’s character, nature, value and integrity. One of the important characteristics of interpersonal trust is the reliance upon the assumption and belief rather on definite information (Furlong, 2005). Procedural Trust This form of trust generally permits an indivi dual to place their trust particularly in the process rather than the attitudes and ideas of the individuals involved. One of the major features of procedural trust is that it signifies the importance of placing trust in the procedure other than the attributes of an individual (SlideShare Inc.2012). In order to solve the conflict situations relating to non-acceptance of the rules by the employees and violation of maintaining the working guidelines which set by the higher authorities, the organization can apply both interpersonal as well as procedural trust associated with trust model as an effective strategy. From the perspective of interpersonal trust linked with Trust model, the aforementioned conflict situation can be solved as it largely encourages the parties i.e. the employees to emphasize upon their common interests as well as solutions. Moreover, interpersonal trust focuses upon two significant aspects which include skill improvement and communication between employees and t he higher authorities of an organization. The constant development of these factors might ultimately address the aforementioned conflict situations which are related to first week’s assignment. From the viewpoint of procedural trust, the aforesaid conflict situations of an organization can be addressed and solved as it encourages the employees to believe in the process in order to attain a favorable resolve connected with any disputes with the management of an organization (SAGE Publications. 2012). I/R/P model I/R/P model generally stands for interests, rights or power model which is regarded as a basic, broad and applicable process that can diagnose almost all dispute or conflict situations of an organization by a considerable level. This model recognizes three essential methods that can be uses to solve organizational conflicts. The methods have been described hereunder (Furlong, 2005). Interest-Based Processes This process is about reconciling or finding a solution which complies with the interest of the parties. Interest based approaches are more consensual and successful when both the parties are able to protect their respective interests (Furlong, 2005). Rights-Based Processes This process focuses upon securing the rights of the involved parties in the conflict situations by paying much attention to different sources of rights which include any laws, statutes, policies, contacts, policies and past practices among others (Furlong, 2005). Power Based Processes Th